![]() Limited documentation can result in findings that have limited reproducibility and replicability and thereby have poor potential for generalization to the broader population. The selection of individuals is often an undocumented process, which can invite unintentional, arbitrary, and biased decision-making. While much attention has been paid to the statistical criteria of how to assess whether groups are well-matched, relatively little attention has been given to a crucial prior step: the selection of the individuals that are included in matched groups. This method ensures two or more groups (e.g., individuals with an NDD versus neurotypical individuals) are balanced on pre-existing covariates (e.g., IQ), enabling researchers to interpret performance on outcome measures as being attributed to group membership. Matching is one commonly utilized method in quasi-experimental designs involving individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD).
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